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properties of common inorganic scintillators |
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| alkali halides | ||||||
| crystals |
specific gravity |
max. emission wavelength [nm] |
refractive
index |
decay time (µs) |
light yield
photons/MeV |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaI(Tl) * | 3.67 | 415 | 1.85 | 0.23 | 38,000 | |
| CsI(Tl) * | 4.51 | 540 | 1.80 |
0.68 (64%)
3.34 (36%) |
65,000 | |
| CsI(Na) | 4.51 | 420 | 1.84 | 0.46, 4.18 | 39,000 | |
| LiI(Eu) * | 4.08 | 470 | 1.96 | 1.4 | 11,000 | |
| other inorganic crystals | ||||||
| crystals |
specific gravity |
max. emission wavelength [nm] |
refractive
index |
decay time (µs) |
light yield
photons/MeV |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BGO ( Bi4G3O12 ) * | 7.13 | 480 | 2.15 | 0.30 | 8,200 | |
| CWO ( CdWO4 ) | 7.90 | 470 | 2.3 |
1.10 (40%)
14.5 (60%) |
15,000 | |
| ZnS:Ag ( polycrystalline phosphor ) * | 4.09 | 450 | 2.36 | 0.2 | ||
| CaF2:Eu * | 3.19 | 435 | 1.47 | 0.9 | 24,000 | |
| PWO ( PbWO4 ) * | 8.28 | 440 ~ 500 | 2.16 | 0.005 ~ 0.015 | - - - - - - | |
| unactivated fast inorganic crystals | ||||||
| crystals |
specific gravity |
max. emission wavelength [nm] |
refractive
index |
decay time (µs) |
light yield
photons/MeV |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BaF2 |
(fast component)
(slow component) |
4.89 |
220
310 |
1.56 |
0.0006
0.63 |
1,400
9,500 |
| pure CsI |
(fast component)
(slow component) |
4.51 |
305
450 |
1.80 |
0.002 (35%)
0.02 (65%) multiple up to several µs |
2,000
varies |
| CeF3 | 6.16 | 310, 340 | 1.68 | 0.005, 0.027 | 4,400 | |
| Cerium-activated fast inorganic crystals | ||||||
| crystals |
specific gravity |
max. emission wavelength [nm] |
refractive
index |
decay time (µs) |
light yield
photons/MeV |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LYSO:Ce ( Lu2Y2Ce2x(SiO4)O:Ce+ ) * | 7.4 | 420 | 1.82 | 0.040 | 25,000 | |
| YSO:Ce ( Y2SiO5):Ce+ ) * | 4.45 | 420 | 1.80 | 0.035 | 10,000 | |
| GSO:Ce ( Gd2SiO5:Ce+ ) * | 6.71 | 440 | 1.85 |
0.056 (90%)
0.4 (10%) |
9,000 | |
| YAP:Ce ( YAlO3:Ce+ ) * | 5.37 | 370 | 1.95 | 0.027 | 18,000 | |
| YAG:Ce ( Y3Al5O12:Ce+ ) * | 4.56 | 550 | 1.82 |
0.088 (72%)
0.302 (28%) |
17,000 | |
| LSO:Ce ( Lu2Ce2x(SiO4)O:Ce+ ) * | 7.4 | 420 | 1.82 | 0.040 | 25,000 | |
| LuAP:Ce ( LuAlO3:Ce+ ) * | 8.4 | 365 | 1.94 | 0.017 | 17,000 | |
| LGB:Ce ( 6Li6Gd10B3O9:Ce+ ) * | 3.50 (10B) | 390 |
1.67 (X-lat.)
1.64 (Y-lat.) |
~0.2 (major)
~0.8 (minor) |
9,960 n (capt)
5,310 electron |
|
| Li-doped glass scintillators | ||||||
| crystals |
specific gravity |
max. emission wavelength [nm] |
refractive
index |
decay time (µs) |
light yield
photons/MeV |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GS1 / GS2 / GS3 * | 2.66 | 395 | 1.06 | 0.05 ~ 0.07 | ~ 3,500 | |
| GS10 / GS20 / GS30 * | 2.50 | 395 | 1.55 | 0.05 ~ 0.07 | ~ 3,500 | |
| KG1 / KG2 / KG3 * | 2.42 | 395 | 1.57 | 0.05 ~ 0.07 | ~ 3,500 | |
| note: bold printed crystals are available through APACE Science | |||||
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